Low fitness levels can up your risk of developing psoriasis

Experts have now established a connection between inferior physical fitness in young adults and an elevated risk of the autoimmune disease psoriasis.

By: Jahnavi Sarma | | Published: January 15, 2021 3:14 pm

Tags: Autoimmune disease Psoriasis problem

Low fitness was already known to boost the risk of incurring cardiovascular disease, and psoriasis as such, is linked to raised cardiovascular disease risk, too.

Psoriasis is a chronic, systemic inflammatory disease that affects women as often as men. What triggers its onset is not entirely clear, but heredity is known to play a large part in combination with external factors. The most common type, plaque psoriasis, causes reddened, flaking, and itchy skin lesions (“plaques”). Psoriasis sufferers also often have other diseases. Some 30 per cent psoriasis patients also get the inflammatory joint condition known as psoriatic arthritis. Examples of other known comorbidities are obesity, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and depression. In a major register-based study, scientists at University of Gothenburg, Sweden, have now demonstrated a connection between inferior physical fitness in young adults and elevated risk of the autoimmune disease psoriasis. Also Read - Childhood trauma can change the trajectory of multiple sclerosis treatment in adulthood

For the male recruits to compulsory military training who were rated as the least fit, the risk of developing psoriasis later was 35 per cent higher than for the fittest. The study was based on data on more than 1.2 million men conscripted, aged 18, into the Swedish Armed Forces between the years 1968 and 2005. During the enrollment process, all these young men underwent the same fitness test on an exercise bicycle. The researchers divided the data, according to how fit the men were, into three levels (low, medium, and high fitness). They then merged the data with other registers, using Sweden’s National Patient Register to obtain diagnostic codes for psoriasis and the joint disease psoriatic arthritis. The men who had already received one of these diagnoses before conscription were excluded from the study. Also Read - Covid-19 associated Guillain Barre Syndrome: Everything you need to know

35 per cent increase in risk for men with low fitness level

Later in life, between the ages of 37 and 51, just over 23,000 of the conscripts developed psoriasis or psoriatic arthritis. In the low-fitness group, 2.5 per cent developed one or both of these diseases, while only 1.7 percent in the high-fitness group did so. In calculating this risk differential, the scientists adjusted for other risk factors, such as body mass index (BMI). Thus, the less fit the men were when they were recruited, the higher the proportion of them who later fell ill with psoriasis or psoriatic arthritis. In the low-fitness group, the risk of developing psoriasis was 35 percent higher, and that of developing psoriatic arthritis 44 percent higher, than in the high-fitness group. The group of men who were least fit was also the smallest: just under 48,000 or 3.9 percent of all the conscripts in the study. This is a group that healthcare services should try to monitor regularly. Also Read - Psoriasis: Why early diagnosis and medication is important

Patients of psoriasis are generally less fit

Low fitness was already known to boost the risk of incurring cardiovascular disease, and psoriasis as such is linked to raised cardiovascular disease risk, too. The results from this study confirm the reasons for assessing people’s fitness early in life, to identify individuals at a higher risk for adverse health outcomes later in life. Previous research has indicated that, in general, people with psoriasis are less fit than those without it who engage in an equal amount of physical activity. However, the reasons for this difference have not been fully clarified. However, researchers do agree that one weakness of this study is that they were not able to monitor the trends of the men’s fitness during the intervening years, between their conscription and the disease onset. They also lacked data on smoking, which is a known risk factor for psoriasis.

Treatment options

In recent years, treatment options have substantially improved. Today, besides ointments with local effects, there are drugs that have systemic effects. Recent years have also seen the emergence of efficacious biological agents that modulate the signaling cascade in the inflammatory process that drives psoriasis. According to researchers, there is an association between lower fitness and raised risk of developing psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, but this is not a causal connection. So, they can’t say that these health conditions can be prevented by exercising.

(With inputs from Agencies)

Published : January 15, 2021 3:14 pm

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